The historical and archaeological study of documents and paintings related to winemaking coming from walls of Egyptian tombs, still presents unknown aspects. Thanks to the development of analytical techniques, we are now able to shed light on a new aspect known to us from the first Mediterranean civilisation: the wine culture in Egypt. This present study has three objectives: to provide a bibliographical study of viticulture and oenology in ancient Egypt; to verify, in an analytical way, the presence of wine in amphorae of ancient Egypt; and to investigate what kinds of wine were produced in ancient Egypt.